Ecuador
Electricity can be generated in two main ways: by harnessing the heat from burning fuels or nuclear reactions in the form of steam (thermal power) or by capturing the energy of natural
Ecuador's renewable energy is comprised of hydro power (5,419 MW), biomass (1550 MW), wind (71 MW), photovoltaic (29 MW), and biogas (11 MW). Hydroelectric power plants are in three regions: coastal (2 provinces), Andes (9 provinces), and Amazon (4 provinces).
Energy policies in Ecuador emphasize the need to diversify energy sources. In Ecuador, energy subsidies are a barrier to achieving a diversified energy mix. The hydroelectric resource compromises the implementation of renewable energies. The adoption of renewable technologies is conditioned to local factors.
Ecuador's mountainous terrain and numerous rivers allow for hydroelectric power generation. The launch of several large facilities since 1983 has solidified the hydropower sector's leading role in Ecuador's electricity generation mix (Table 3).
Ecuador had a peak demand of 5,110 MW in May 2025, and according to CENACE, electricity demand grows by 360 MW every year. Ecuador's energy shortage could result in a recurrence of power outages, particularly in the dry season of September through December.
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